Substitution

Employees, solely at their own option and with the approval of their employer, may substitute for one another during scheduled work hours in performance of work in the same capacity.  The regulations on this topic are found at 29 C.F.R. §553.31. The hours worked are excluded by the employer in the calculation of the hours the substituting employee would be considered as having worked for FLSA purposes. In other words, each employee will be treated as if he or she worked their normal work schedule. For example: When Officer B substitutes eight hours for Officer A, recordkeeping of Officer B’s time worked is credited toward Officer A’s work period. Officer A now “owes” Officer B eight hours of working time. Officer A can repay that debt by substituting for Officer B.

A DOL opinion letter dated January 2, 1987, addressed the issue of overtime compensation where police officers trade or substitute time with one another and whether it would be permissible for an officer to have part of the officer’s accrued comp time hours transferred to another officer’s comp time as repayment for trading time. Such a transfer would not be permissible under the regulations because it would require the employer to maintain a separate recordkeeping system, which is specifically not required by the FLSA. However, DOL states the same result could be permissibly obtained under the following scenario: Officer A may pay back Officer B by using Officer A’s own accrued compensatory time while substituting the appropriate number of hours for Officer B. Thus, both officers would receive pay for the time worked, Officer A would not have to work those eight hours, and Officer B’s accrued comp time balance would be reduced by eight hours.

Paying back the time is a matter left to the police officers who traded with one another.  There is nothing under the FLSA that specifies the period for repayment of the time substituted or stipulates the number of trades allowed.